When a patient searches 'eye doctor near me' or 'optometrist in [city],' Google evaluates three factors to determine which practices appear in the Map Pack and local organic results:
- Relevance: Does your Google Business Profile and website clearly signal that you provide the services the searcher wants — eye exams, contact lens fittings, pediatric eye care, dry eye treatment?
- Distance: How close is your practice to the searcher's location or the city they specified?
- Prominence: How well-known and trusted does Google consider your practice to be, based on reviews, links, citations, and website authority?
Distance is largely fixed — you can't move your practice. That means the work of local SEO is almost entirely focused on improving relevance and prominence.
Relevance is built through your Google Business Profile categories and service listings, your website's on-page content, and the consistency of your NAP data across the web. If your GBP says 'optometrist' but your website never mentions the specific services patients search for — LASIK consultations, diabetic eye exams, orthokeratology — you're leaving relevance signals on the table.
Prominence is built over time through patient reviews, local citations, and the authority of your website. A practice with 200 recent Google reviews and a well-maintained website will consistently outrank a newer competitor with identical services and a closer physical location.
Understanding this framework matters because it tells you where to spend your time. Most optometry practices underinvest in GBP optimization and review generation while overinvesting in website redesigns that don't move local rankings at all.